Mice can survive without food for about 2 to 4 days, although this can vary depending on several factors. Factors that greatly influence a mouse's survival span without food include the mouse's age, health status, hydration levels, and the environmental conditions.
Mice, like many other small mammals, have very fast metabolisms, meaning they use energy at a quick rate and consequently require regular feeding. As a result, an absence of food for just a few days can lead to visible weight loss and a decline in their health.
Being relatively small animals, mice don't have large fat reserves to survive on when food is not available. Therefore, a prolonged absence of food can easily result in malnutrition and eventual starvation.
Besides food, water is extremely crucial for mice. The absence of water could lead to severe dehydration, which could be fatal much sooner than the absence of food. Mice can usually survive only a couple of days without water.
Though mice are incredibly resilient and can adapt to a host of adverse conditions, it is essential to ensure in the case of pet mice, that they're provided with adequate food and water at all times. Failure to do so can lead to numerous health issues or even premature death.
In conclusion, while it's estimated that mice can survive around 2-4 days without food, actual duration varies with individual health status, environment, and adequate availability of water. Similarly, in survival situations, mice have been shown to exhibit adaptive behaviors, such as prioritizing water consumption over food. Nonetheless, no mouse should be left without food on purpose, especially in controlled environments like home settings or research laboratories.