A Cologuard test is a non-invasive screening test for colorectal cancer using stool samples. It works by detecting tiny amounts of blood in the stool, and alterations in DNA that could indicate the presence of cancer or advanced polyps. It is necessary to avoid possible factors that might contribute to a false positive result.
As to your question, there are no specific foods known to cause a false positive Cologuard test. The test is looking for altered DNA and blood in the stool, which is not something foods can cause specifically. It's important to remember that while Cologuard is an effective screening tool, it's not perfect. It does have a risk of false positives and false negatives.
A false positive would mean that the test indicates the presence of colorectal cancer or advanced adenomas when there were none. This could be due to quite a few reasons, such as other types of disease or medical conditions. Hemorrhoids or anal fissures can result in blood in your stool, as can stomach ulcers. Also, benign conditions like diverticulosis can sometimes cause minute gastrointestinal bleeding, leading to a false positive result. Inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis may also lead to false positives, due to associated inflammation and bleeding.
However, the foods we consume do not directly change the outcome of the Cologuard test result, but certain substances derived from food or medication can cause gastrointestinal bleeding and thus result in a positive test. For example, taking high amounts of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like aspirin can cause bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.
The key thing to remember is that a positive detection of CRC or pre-cancer by Cologuard does not diagnose cancer; it simply suggests an increased likelihood. Any positive results should ideally be followed up by a diagnostic colonoscopy. It is also important to repeat the screening every three years as recommended because, like all tests, Cologuard will not pick up all cancers or pre-cancerous polyps.
While a false positive Cologuard test can cause undue stress and lead to unnecessary diagnostic procedures, it is generally better to err on the side of caution when it comes to testing for conditions like colorectal cancer. If you have received a positive result from a Cologuard test, it's crucial to follow up with a healthcare professional to discuss the next steps.
Remember that the best way to prevent colorectal cancer is through regular screening. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends initial screening for colorectal cancer starting at age 50 and continuing until age 75. Cologuard is one of several tests available for regular colorectal cancer screening.